Esophageal Varices
Similar to collaterals formed from portal hypertension are esophageal varices, or blood vessels that have dilated within the walls of the lower section of the esophagus. However, unlike collaterals, varices will bleed endlessly. This symptom usually only happens with those who have extensive damage to the liver or who are in the advanced stages of liver disease.
Varices are also affected by high blood pressure and will dilate overtime, become inflamed and very painful, and will rupture. Symptoms of burst varices include excessive thirst, dark or bloody stool, anemia, pale complexion, lightheadedness, and decreased urination.
