Bleeding Esophageal Varices
The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat to the top part of the stomach. Varices are inflamed veins that may be found in the esophagus that can break open and bleed. The most common cause of esophageal varices is scarring, cirrhosis, of the liver. When the liver is scarred, the blood flow to the liver becomes reduced. This results in an increased blood flow through the veins in the esophagus, which causes the veins to swell. Heavy bleeding can occur if the veins break open. Varices can also occur in the upper part of the stomach.
When varices break open and bleed, the resultant blood in the stool will appear dark black and tarry like. Other symptoms of esophageal varices include lightheaded ness, paleness, vomiting and vomiting blood.
Esophageal varices and bleeding are a serious complication of liver disease and outcomes of the condition are poor. Treatment usually involves stopping the bleed and preventing any subsequent infections. If the underlying liver disease is treated, outcomes are better. Go to an emergency room if you ever vomit blood or have tarry black stools.
